OFFICE ADDRESS
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Emory University School of Medicine
101 Woodruff Circle , Suite 4000
Atlanta, GA 30322
Phone: (404) 727-2556
Fax: (404) 727-3233

CURRENT TITLES & AFFILIATIONS

Academic Appointments

Primary Appointment:

1998-2002	Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
2002-2007	Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
2007-present	Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine

Secondary Appointments:

1998-2002	Assistant Professor, Tech/Emory Biomedical Engineering Department
1998-present	Faculty Member in Neuroscience Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University

Clinical Appointments:

1998-2001

Program Physician, Drug Dependency Unit, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA

PREVIOUS ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS

1997-1998

Supervising Physician, Comprehensive Substance Abuse Services of Westmoreland County, Greensburg, PA

LICENSURES:

PA Medical License MD-059626-L (issued 1995, inactive since 1998)
GA Medical License 045173 (issued 1998)

SPECIALTY CERTIFICATION:

American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology: Psychiatry (2000)

EDUCATION

1986	A.B.	Princeton University	Physics
1990	Ph.D.	University of California, Davis	Biomedical Engineering
1994	M.D.	University of California, San Diego	Medicine

POSTGRADUATE TRAINING

1990-1994	Research Assistant / Postdoctoral Fellow
	Salk Institute of Biological Studies
	Mentor: Terrence J. Sejnowksi, Ph.D.

1994-1995	General Psychiatry and Medicine Internship
	Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
	University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

1995-1998	Adult Psychiatry Residency
	Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
	University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS

National and International

• NSF (2000)
• NIDA (2000): Member, SEP for "Cognitive Approaches to Addictive Processes"
• NIH (2001-2005), regular member of study section for Cognitive Neuroscience (COG)
• Society for Neuroscience, Atlanta Chapter, Executive Council Member (2003-present)
• Society for Neuroeconomics, founding board member (2003-2005)
• NIA (2007), Member, SEP for "Neuroeconomic Approaches to Aging"

Institutional

• Associate Director, Magnetic Resonance Research Center (1999-present)
• MD/PhD Admissions Committee (1999-present)
• Basic Science Research IT Focus Group (2001)
• Conflict of Interest Committee, Emory University School of Medicine (2002-present)
• Manuscript Development Program (2006-present)

MANUSCRIPT REVIEWER

• American Journal of Psychiatry
• Biological Psychiatry
• Brain and Behavioral Sciences
• Critical Reviews in Neurobiology
• Journal of the American Statistical Association
• Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
• Journal of Neurophysiology
• Journal of Neuroscience
• Neural Computation
• NeuroImage
• Neuropsychopharmacology, Editorial Board Member
• Neuron
• Neuropsychologia
• PLoS
• PNAS
• Psychological Reviews
• Science
• Sleep

HONORS & AWARDS

• Princeton University
  Graduated with Honors, 1986
• Princeton University Department of Physics
  Allen G. Shenstone Prize for Outstanding Work in Experimental Physics, 1986
• University of California, Davis
  University of California Regents' Fellowship, 1989-90
• American Society of Biomechanics
  Postdoctoral Young Scientist Award, 1991
• Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
  Thomas Detre Prize for Outstanding Medical Student Paper in General Psychiatry, 1993
• American Psychiatric Association
  APA/Lilly Resident Research Award, 1995-96
• National Institute of Mental Health
  NIMH Outstanding Resident Award, 1996
• Society of Biological Psychiatry
  SOBP/Lilly Fellowship Award, 1997
• Organon
  Excellence in Psychiatry Residency Award, 1998
• Anxiety Disorders Association of America
  Senior Travel Award, 1999
• American Psychiatric Association
  APA/SmithKline Beecham Young Faculty Award, 1999
• Emory University School of Medicine
  Dean's Clinical Investigator Award, 2001-2004
• American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
  Elected Associate Member, 2004
• World Economic Forum
  Forum Fellow, 2004

SOCIETY MEMBERSHIPS

• American Association for the Advancement of Science (1988-present)
• Society for Neuroscience (1993-present)
• American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2004-2008)
• Neuroeconomics Society, Founding Member (2003-present)

ORGANIZATION OF NATIONAL CONFERENCES

• Biomedical Engineering Society / IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), 1999
  Organized and Chaired session on, "Integrating Computational Neuroscience and Clinical Practice"
• Neuroeconomics 2003, Martha's Vineyard. Conference Organizer

RESEARCH FOCUS

My research is aimed at understanding the neurobiological basis for individual preferences and how the biology places constraints on the decisions people make -- a field now known as neuroeconomics. To achieve this goal, we use functional MRI to measure the activity in key parts of the brain involved in decision making. We then link these activity traces to various phenotypes of decision making. For example, we have linked the pattern of activity in the striatum with the receipt of unexpected, salient information with the tendency to alter one's behavior. More recently, we have used the timecourse of activity as a proxy for experiential utility, in the process, bridging the gap between experience and choice. Ongoing research projects are developing these methods to probe decision-making in adolescents as well as group decision-making and the influence of peer pressure at the neurobiological level.

GRANT SUPPORT

Active

Federally Funded:

• Title: The Neurobiology of Uncertainty
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
  Type: RO1 (DA016434)
  Period: 5/03 - 4/08
  Total Direct: $950,000
  This project will use fMRI to study the neurobiological effects of uncertainty on humans.

• Title: The Neurobiology of Reward and Preference in Adolescence
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
  Type: RO1 (DA20116)
  Period: 9/05 - 8/09
  Total Direct: $900,000
  This project will use fMRI to study the differences in reward sensitivity between adolescents and adults.

• Title: Fronto-Striatal Dysfunction in IFNalpha-Induced Depression
  Principal Investigator: Andrew I Miller, MD
  Agency: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
  Type: RO1 (MH067990)
  Period: 12/03 - 11/08
  Total Direct: $1,175,000
  This project will apply fMRI paradigms that we developed for reward system activation and use them as a functional probe of the fronto-striatal system in patients undergoing interferon-alpha treatment for hepatitis C.
  
• Title: Emory University Silvio O. Conte Center for the Neuroscience of Mental Disorders
  Core E: Functional Imaging
  Principal Investigator: Charles B. Nemeroff, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute of Mental Health
  Type: P50 (MH58922)
  Period: 10/99 - 9/09
  This is a functional brain imaging core that will provide support for both PET ligand development and fMRI activation studies of the neurobiological consequences of early life trauma. Novel PET ligands for the CRF1 receptor will be applied in an animal model of early life stress. Functional MRI will be performed in post-partum women with a history of depression with the goal of identifying factors predictive of the development of depression and anxiety in their children.

Previous Support (last 3 years)

• Title: Integration of Bifurcation Theory and Continuous fMRI
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB
  Type: RO1 (EB002635))
  Period: 3/00 - 2/04
  Total Direct: $565,669
  This project will use techniques from nonlinear dynamics and bifurcation theory to elucidate the brain-behavior relationship. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), simple continuous behavioral paradigms will be developed that allow the characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in human brain systems.

• Title: Neuroimaging of Novelty Detection in Cocaine Dependence
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
  Type: K08 (DA00367)
  Period: 9/99 - 8/04
  Total Direct: $710,081
  This is a career-development award in the use of functional neuroimaging applied to cocaine dependence. The goals of this project are to develop implicit novelty detection paradigms as specific nonpharmacological probes of medial cortico-striatal circuits, investigating the hypothesis that chronic cocaine usage results in a functional down-regulation of these regions.

• Computational supplement to above grant.
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, M.D., Ph.D.
  Period: 9/01 - 8/03
  Total Direct: $70,281
  This is a supplement to fund computational modeling of the effects of dopamine on the fMRI BOLD signal.

• Title: Hyperscan: Simultaneous fMRI Across the Internet
  Principal Investigator: Gregory S. Berns, MD PhD
  Agency: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
  Type: R21 (DA14883)
  Period: 10/01 - 9/04
  Total Direct: $175,000
  This project will link MRI scanners through the interent to perform synchronized fMRI to study the neurobiological basis of human interaction.
  

FORMAL TEACHING

Full Courses

• Cognitive Neuroscience.  Graduate level seminar, School of Psychology, Georgia Tech, Spring 1999.
• Biopsychology. Undergraduate / graduate level course, School of Psychology, Georgia Tech, Fall 1999.
• Created and organized the first course on fMRI at Emory University, 1999.
• Frontiers in Neuroscience Lecture Series, Emory University, 2001-03.

Miscellaneous Educational Lectures

• Emory Mini-Med School, Fall 1999
• Psychiatry residents and research, Breakers, Palm Beach, 1999
• HIV-training program, 2000
• Systems neuroscience course, 2001
• Mock-board examiner, Dept. of psychiatry, 2001-present
• Future Leaders in Psychiatry lecturer, 2002-present

SUPERVISORY TEACHING

Graduate Students

• Caroline Zink, Ph.D (2001-2005). candidate in Neuroscience, Emory University, currently a postdoctoral fellow at NIMH
• Milos Cekic, MD/PhD candidate in Neuroscience, Emory University
• Samuel McClure, Ph.D. candidate in Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine (outside member of committee), currently Asst. Prof. at Stanford

Post-Doctoral Fellows

• Amanda Bischoff-Grethe (1998-1999), currently an Asst. Prof. at the University of California, San Diego
• Giuseppe Pagnoni (2000-2002), currently Asst. Prof. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
• Mukesh Dhamala (2000-2002), currently Asst. Prof. at Georgia State University
• Rosa-Aurora Chavez-Eakle (2004-2005)
• Chandrasekhar V.S. Pammi (2005-2007), currently postdoctoral fellow, Tubingen, Germany
• Jan Engelmann (2007-present)

Graduate students who have rotated through the lab

• Paul Garcia, M.D./Ph.D. student in Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech / Emory
• Ciara Caltagirone, Ph.D. student in Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech/Emory
• Ricardo Caceda, Ph.D. student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Jasmeer Chatwaal, MD/PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Sara Giordano, PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Milos Cekic, MD/PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Stephen Collins, MD/PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Anna Wiste, MD/PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Stephen Collins MD/PhD student, Emory
• Liz Degoursac, PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory
• Amy Anderson, PhD student in Neurosciences, Emory

Other students, fellows, and faculty who have trained in the lab

• Jim Rilling, Ph.D., post-doctoral fellow
• David Gutman, M.D./Ph.D student
• Lucile Capuron, Ph.D., post-doctoral fellow
• Thorsten Zeh, Ph.D., post-doctoral fellow
• Karen Drexler, M.D., assistant professor
• Jessica Jajosky, SURE summer intern 2002
• Monica Cowles, fellow in psychiatry
• Jonathan Chappelow, currently a Ph.D. student at Rutgers

LECTURESHIPS AND SEMINAR INVITATIONS

1. Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego & Salk Institute (1995). "The Basal Ganglia: Local Memory and Automatic Sequencing."
2. Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego & Salk Institute (1997). "PET mapping of subconscious novelty detection mechanisms in humans."
3. School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology (1997). "Cortico-Striatal Function in Sequence Learning."
4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama, Birmingham (1998). Grand Rounds, "Imaging Cortico-Striatal Function Using Cognitive Probes."
5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh (1998). Ground Rounds, "Common Neurobiology of ADHD and Substance Abuse."
6. Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine (1998). "Computational Neuroscience Driving Neuroimaging: Studies of Basal Ganglia Function."
7. Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine (2000). "Beyond Phrenology: Using fMRI to Study Brain Dynamics."
8. Psychology Department, Princeton University (2000). "Beyond Phrenology: Using fMRI to Study Brain Dynamics."
9. Princeton Workshop on Neural Economics (2000). "Neural Responses to Predictability and Uncertainty."
10. Biomedical Engineering Dept., University of California, San Diego (2001), "Neuroinformatics: Computational Approaches to fMRI Design."
11. Brain Mapping Center, UCLA (2001), "Neuroinformatics: Computational Approaches to fMRI Design."
12. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Grand Rounds, Emory University School of Medicine (2001)
13. Department of Psychiatry Grand Rounds, Weill Medical College, Cornell University (2002).
14. Department of Psychiatry and Neurology Grand Rounds, Tulane Medical School (2003).
15. Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Opening of Human Neuroimaging Laboratory (2003).
16. Economics Department, Sloan School MIT (2003).
17. Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis (2004).
18. Psychology and Economics Departments, New York University (2004).
19. Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina (2006).
20. Major Speakers in Neuroeconomics Series, Duke University (2006).
21. Distinguished Lecture Series, Georgia State University (2007)
22. Department of Neurology Grand Rounds, Emory University (2007)
23. Seminar Series in Computation and Neural Systems, Caltech (2007)
24. Series of Lectures, Economics Dept, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan (2007)
25. Psychology Department Colloqium, Emory University (2007)
26. Economics Department, Emory University (2008)

INVITATIONS TO NATIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES

1. Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting (1998). "Modeling Basal Ganglia Function: Implications for Drug Abuse and Parkinson’s Disease."
2. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (1998).  Workshop on "Mechanisms of Drug Craving."
3. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (1999).  Teaching Day.  "Beyond Phrenology: Using Functional MRI to Study Brain Dynamics."
4. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (1999).  Workshop on "Mapping the functional anatomy of the anterior limbic areas: Integrating behavior, neurochemistry and anatomy in psychiatric pathophysiology."
5. European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, Munich (2000). Invited symposium on "Cognition, fMRI, and Psychopharmacology."
6. Biodynamics III -- Nonlinear Approaches in the Health Sciences (2000). Invited presentation on fMRI and brain dynamics.
7. NIDA (2000). Invited presentation for workshop, "Computational Models: Applications to Drug Abuse."
8. American Neuropsychiatric Association (2002). Invited presentation on, "Hyperscan: The biology of human interaction using web-linked fMRI."
9. Future Leaders in Psychiatry (2002). Invited presentation.
10. NIDA satellite symposium on reward (2002). Invited presentation.
11. Future Leaders in Psychiatry (2003). Invited presentation.
12. Society for Neuroscience, Symposium on Decision-Making (2003). Invited presentation.
13. International Meeting of the Economic Science Association (2004). Plenary talk on neuroeconomics.
14. Future Leaders in Psychiatry (2005). Invited presentation.
15. NIDA Symposium on Obesity and Addiction (2005). Invited presentation or reward & saliency.
16. NIDA workshop on adolescent reward and decision-making (2006). Invited presentation.
17. Future Leaders in Psychiatry (2006). Invited presentation.
18. American Psychological Association (2006). Invited presentation on conformity.
19. Legg Mason Thought Leaders Forum (2006). Invited presentation on neuroeconomics.
20. NIDA Conference on Drug Abuse and Risky Behaviors (2007). Invited presentation on neuroeconomics.
21. Future Leaders in Psychiatry (2007). Invited presentation.
22. Defining a Cognitive Battery for Drug Abuse, NIDA (2007)
23. Social Neuroscience Symposium, NIDA (2007). Invited presentation.
24. Neurofinance symposium, Zurich (2007). Invited presentation.
25. American Psychological Association (2008). Invited presentation on neuroeconomics.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Research Articles

1. Berns MW, Aist J, Edwards J, Strahs K, Girton J, McNeill P, Rattner JB, Kitzes M, Hammer-Wilson M, Liaw L-H, Siemens A, Koonce M, Peterson S, Brenner S, Burt J, Walter R, Bryant PJ, van Dyk D, Coulombe J, Cahill T, Berns GS: Laser microsurgery in cell and developmental biology. Science 213:505-513, 1981.
2. Berns GS and Berns MW: Computer-based tracking of living cells. Exp. Cell Res. 142:103-109, 1982.
3. Berns MW, Berns GS, Coffey J, Wile AG: Exposure (dose) tables for hematoporphyrin derivative photoradiation therapy. Lasers in Surgery & Med. 4:107-131, 1984.
4. Berns GS, Hull ML, Patterson HA: Implementation of a five degree of freedom automated system to determine knee flexibility in vitro. J. Biomech. Eng. 112:392-400, 1990.
5. Howell SM, Berns GS, Farley TE: Unimpinged and impinged anterior cruciate ligament grafts: MR signal intensity measurements. Radiology 179:639-643, 1991.
6. Berns GS, Hull ML, Patterson HA: Strain in the anteromedial bundle of the anterior cruciate ligament under combination loading. J. Orthop. Res. 10:167-176, 1992.
7. Berns GS, Howell SM, Farley TE: The accuracy of signal intensity measurements in magnetic resonance imaging as evaluated within the knee. Magn. Reson. Imag. 10:573-578, 1992.
8. Berns GS and Howell SM: Roofplasty requirements in vitro for different tibial hole placements in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Am. J. Sports Med. 21:292-298, 1993.
9. Berns GS, Dayan P, Sejnowski TJ: A correlational model for the development of disparity selectivity in visual cortex that depends on prenatal and postnatal phases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:8277-8281, 1993. PDF.
10. Hull ML, Berns GS, Varma H, Patterson HA: Strain in the medial collateral ligament of the human knee under single and combined loads. J. Biomech. 29:199-206, 1996.
11. Berns GS, Cohen JD, Mintun MA: Brain regions responsive to novelty in the absence of awareness. Science, 276:1272-1275, 1997. PDF
12. Berns GS and Sejnowski TJ: A computational model of how the basal ganglia produce sequences. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 10:108-121, 1998. PDF.
13. Nemeroff CB, Kilts CD, Berns GS:  Functional brain imaging: Twenty-first century phrenology or psychobiological advance for the millennium? Am. J. Psychiatry 156:671-673, 1999.
14. Berns GS, Song AW, Mao H:  Continuous functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals dynamic nonlinearities in "dose-response" curves for finger opposition. J. Neurosci. 19:RC17:1-6, 1999. PDF.
15. Bischoff-Grethe A, Proper SM, Mao H, Daniels KA, Berns GS: Conscious and unconscious processing of nonverbal predictability in Wernicke's area.  J. Neurosci. 20(5):1975-1981, 2000. PDF.
16. Berns GS, McClure SM, Pagnoni G, Montague PR: Predictability modulates human brain response to reward. J. Neurosci., 21:2793-2798, 2001. PDF.
17. Bischoff-Grethe A, Martin M, Mao H, Berns GS: The context of uncertainty modulates the subcortical response to predictability. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 13:986-993, 2001. PDF.
18. Berns GS, Martin M, Proper S: Limbic hyperreactivity in bipolar II disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry, 159:304-306, 2002. PDF.
19. Pagnoni G, Zink CF, Montague PR, Berns GS: Activity in human ventral striatum locked to errors of reward prediction. Nat. Neurosci., 5:97-98, 2002. PDF.
20. Dhamala M, Pagnoni G, Wiesenfeld K, Berns GS: Measurements of brain activity complexity for varying mental loads. Phys. Rev. E., 65:041917(7), 2002. PDF.
21. Rilling JK, Gutman DA, Zeh TR, Pagnoni G, Berns GS, Kilts CD: A neural basis for social cooperation. Neuron, 35:395-405, 2002. PDF.
22. Montague PR, Berns GS, Cohen JD, McClure SM, Pagnoni G, Dhamala M, Wiest M, Karpov I, King RD, Apple N, Fisher RE: Hyperscanning: Simultaneous fMRI during linked social interactions, Neuroimage 16:1159-1164, 2002. PDF.
23. McClure SM, Berns GS, Montague PR: Temporal prediction errors in a passive learning task activate human striatum. Neuron 38: 339-346, 2003. PDF.
24. Dhamala M, Pagnoni G, Wiesenfeld K, Zink CF, Martin M, Berns GS: Neural correlates of the complexity of rhythmic finger tapping. Neuroimage 20:918-926, 2003. PDF.
25. Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin ME, Dhamala M, Berns GS: Human striatal response to salient non-rewarding stimuli. J. Neurosci. 23:8092-8097, 2003. PDF. Accompanying editorial.
26. Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME, Chappelow JC, Berns GS: Human striatal response to monetary reward depends on saliency. Neuron 42:509-517, 2004. PDF.
27. Capuron L, Pagnoni G, Demetrashvili M, Woolwine BJ, Nemeroff CB, Berns GS, Miller AH: Anterior cingulate activation and error processing during interferon-alpha treatment. Biol. Psychiatry 58:190-196, 2005. PDF.
28. Berns GS, Chappelow JC, Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME, Richards R: Neurobiological correlates of social conformity and independence during mental rotation. Biol. Psychiatry 58:245-253, 2005. PDF.
29. Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Chappelow JC, Martin-Skurski ME, Berns GS: Human striatal activation reflects degree of stimulus saliency. Neuroimage 29:977-983, 2006. PDF.
30. Berns GS, Chappelow J, Cekic M, Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME: Neurobiologic substrates of dread. Science, 312:754-758, 2006. PDF. Supporting Materials.
31. Capuron L, Pagnoni G, Demetrashvili MF, Lawson DH, Fornwalt FB, Woolwine B, Berns GS, Nemeroff CB, Miller AH: Basal ganglia hypermetabolism and symptoms of fatigue during interferon-alpha therapy. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:2394-2392 , 2007.
32. Berns GS, Capra CM, Moore S, Noussair C: A shocking experiment: new evidence on probability weighting and common ratio violations. Judgment & Decision Making 2:234-242, 2007. PDF.
33. Chandrasekhar PVS, Capra CM, Moore S, Noussair C, Berns GS: Neurobiological regret and rejoice functions for aversive outcomes. Neuroimage 39:1472-1484 (epub Nov 2007). PDF.
34. Berns GS, Capra CM, Chappelow J, Moore S, Noussair C: Nonlinear neurobiological probability weighting functions for aversive outcomes. Neuroimage 39:2047-2057, 2008 (epub Nov 2007). PDF.

Review Articles

1. Berns GS: Functional neuroimaging.  Life Sci 65:2531-2540, 1999. PDF.
2. Berns GS and Nemeroff CB:  Extreme measures. The neurobiology of bipolar disorder.  Odyssey 5:36-41, 1999.
3. Mao H and Berns GS: MRI in the study of brain functions: clinical perspectives. Medicamundi 46:28-38, 2002. PDF.
4. Montague PR and Berns GS: Neural economics and the biological substrates of valuation. Neuron 36:265-284, 2002. PDF.
5. Berns GS and Nemeroff CB: The neurobiology of bipolar disorder. Am. J. Med. Genet C 123C:76-84, 2003. PDF.
6. Berns GS: Neural game theory and the search for rational agents in the brain. Behav. Brain Sci. 26:155-156, 2003.
7. Berns GS: Something funny happened to reward. Trends Cogn. Sci. 8:193-194, 2004. PDF.
8. Berns GS: Price, placebo, and the brain. J. Marketing Res. XLII:399-400, 2005. PDF.
9. Berns GS, Capra CM, Noussair C: Receptor theory and biological constraints on value. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1104:301-309, 2007. PDF.
10. Berns GS, Laibson D, Loewenstein G: Intertemporal choice -- toward an integrated framework , Trends Cogn. Sci., 11:482-488, 2007. PDF.

Books

1. Berns GS: Satisfaction. The Science of Finding True Fulfillment. Henry Holt & Co., 2005. Foreign editions: German, Dutch, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Romanian.
2. Berns GS: Iconoclast. Harvard Business School Press, forthcoming, 2008.

Book Chapters

1. Berns GS and Sejnowski TJ: How the basal ganglia make decisions. The Neurobiology of Decision-Making. A Damasio, H Damasio, Y Christen eds, Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 101-113.
2. Berns GS: Cognitive neuroscience. Encyclopedia of Psychology and Neuroscience, WE Craighead and CB Nemeroff eds. John Wiley & Sons, 2000, pp. 314-315.
3. Montague PR, Eagleman DM, McClure SM, Berns GS: Reinforcement learning. Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. L Nadel ed. Macmillan Reference, 2003.
4. Pagnoni, G and Berns GS: Brain imaging in psychopharmacology. Textbook of Psychopharmacology, Third Edition. AF Schatzberg and CB Nemeroff eds. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2004, pp. 163-172.

Book Reviews

1. Berns GS and Nemeroff CB: Book Review of "The Neuropsychiatry of Limbic and Subcortical Disorders." J Psych Neurosci 24:251-252, 1999.

Other Publications

1. Berns GS: Force distribution patterns in the foot during running. A.B. Thesis, Dept. of Physics, Princeton University, 1986.
2. Berns GS: Strain within the anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments of the human knee under combination loading. Ph.D. Dissertation, Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1990.

MEDIA COVERAGE / PUBLIC SERVICE

• 5/97 National Public Radio. Interview on learning without awareness.
• 5/97 BBC. Interviewed on learning without awareness.
• 7/97 Insight magazine. Quoted on subconscious learning in interview with Gavin de Becker and his book, "The Gift of Fear."
• 9/97 Psychology Today. Interview on, "Learning but not Trying."
• 5/99  Georgia Tech / Emory MiniMedical School lecture on "Imaging the Mind."
• 7/99 WSB-TV Atlanta.  Interviewed for special production on Depression.
• 12/00 CNN-FYI. Live webcast for high-school Q&A on "Brain Structure and Function".
• 4/01 New York Times, Washington Post, LA Times, MSNBC.com, ABC.com, CBS.com, WebMD, Science, Scientific American, Reuters Health. Write-ups on the role of surprise in reward processing.
• 7/01 Self Magazine. Article on surprise and reward.
• 10/01 Prevention Magazine. Article on surprise and reward.
• 2/02 New York Times full-length article on neural economics.
• 3/02 Nature News & Views on Hyperscanning.
• 7/02 New York Times full length article on neural basis of cooperation.
• 7/02 International Herald Tribune, Front Page of National Post (Canada), Reuters, WIRED, BBC, FOXNews, Atlanta Journal-Constitution coverage of neural basis of cooperation.
• 8/02 Chicago Tribune story on the evolution of cooperation.
• 9/02 Salon.com "Madison Avenue and Your brain"
• 10/02 Money Magazine. Cover story on "Your Money & Your Brain"
• 10/02 Reader's Digest.
• 6/03 NY Times "Brain experts follow the money"
• 9/03 Forbes "In search of the buy button"
• 9/03 Financial Times "In search of the inside story of economics"
• 3/04 O Magazine, article on novelty and happiness
• 5/04 AP article on working for money
• 5/04 CNN America Morning live interview on working for money
• 4/05 First article on Surprise
• 6/05 NY Times "What Other People Say May Change What You See"
• 9/05 LA Times "For True Fulfillment, Seek Satisfaction, Not Happiness"
• 9/05 O Magazine, Fortune, Glamour, Psychology Today, USNews.com: reviews of Satisfaction
• 9/05 Town Hall Seattle Science Lecture on "Satisfaction"
• 9/05 Microsoft Headquarters, lecture on "Satisfaction"
• 9/05 NPR - Science Friday, "The Science of Satisfaction"
• 12/05 Atlanta Magazine: book excerpt
• 12/05 Wall Street Journal article on "shopping high"
• 1/06 ABC Primetime segment on conformity
• 2/06 Washington Post: review of Satisfaction
• 5/06 New York Times, AP, NPR, BBC, and multiple outlets: coverage of neurobiology of dread
• 3/07 The Space Show: interview on risky and decision-making in space exploration
• 5/07 ReachMD (XM 233): interview on risky decision making
• 5/07 Fox Atlanta: TV news segment on the teenage brain